Having considered localization of respiratory functions in mitochondria and in prokaryotic cells, it's time to return to the eukaryotic context and follow a molecule of pyruvate across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion to see what fate awaits it inside.
“The Trial of Abdus Salam” the play directed by scientist Nilanjan P Choudhury which was first staged in April this year and which has received critical acclaim across the globe, was recently staged at Kolkata’s Bose Institute.
The recent award of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences (2025) to Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt for their work on innovation-driven growth and the idea of “creative destruction” offers a critical lens through which to view the national endeavour embodied in Mission Karmayogi.
Half of the prize goes to Joel Mokyr for identifying the conditions that make long-term growth possible. The other half is shared between economists Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt.
The 2025 Nobel Peace Prize had 338 total nominations this year; 244 individuals and 94 organizations. That’s a rise from 286 nominations in 2024, though still short of the 2016 record of 376.
It was the Nobel Prize-winning scientist Robert Koch who, as early as 1910, foresaw that 'One day man will have to fight noise as fiercely as cholera and pest'.
The Nobel Prize winning Columbia University economist Edward Phelps maintains that innovation is the key to economic growth, prosperity and human happiness.
French novelist, essayist and playwright Albert Camus was born on 7 November 1913, in Mondovi, Algeria. He is celebrated for influential works such as L’Étranger (The Stranger, 1942), La Peste (The Plague, 1947) and La Chute (The Fall, 1956). Apart from his literary accomplishments, Camus was a passionate advocate for leftist causes. In recognition of his impact on literature, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1957 at the age of 44.
The oxymoron “a painful pleasure” seems to be in effect when Kolkata gets global recognition ~ the city has ranked 19th by Savills’ Growth Hub Index for its rapid development.
Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson have demonstrated the importance of societal institutions for a country’s prosperity.
